Recently, the driver’s attention while driving a vehicle has to be taken seriously in a modernized society. Although some studies of attention while driving are being conducted now, the character of human activity is complicated for estimating attention while driving a vehicle. In the present study, the driver’s attention was studied by driving performance and meandering of the vehicle. Two sets of drivers were used to compare driving while alert and while drowsy. For driving performance, the degree of steering and the degree of acceleration were measured. For meandering, the shoulder line...
Exploring New Frontiers of Instrumentation and Methods for Electrical and Electronic Measurements · TC4 · 2008 · Download
Digital subscriber lines (DSL) offer the possibility to deliver broadband services over the existing telephone network. Yet, before deploying DSL, the subscriber loops must be tested to see whether they can support high-speed data services, and at what rate. Single-ended automatic qualification is essential for achieving low-cost deployment of DSL, since it allows loops to be qualified in bulk without human intervention at the customer’s location. An even more ambitious challenge is to fully characterize the loop, i.e. to identify its loop topology (number of loop sections, length and cable...
Exploring New Frontiers of Instrumentation and Methods for Electrical and Electronic Measurements · TC4 · 2008 · Download
The main purpose of this paper is to characterize an analyzer of ground level ozone based on the photometric UV method. Particular attention is devoted to the sampling phase with the aim of investigating the main variables influencing the measurement process. In this way it is possible to identify the best sampling configuration able to minimize the measurement uncertainty.
Exploring New Frontiers of Instrumentation and Methods for Electrical and Electronic Measurements · TC4 · 2008 · Download
Samer Medawar, Peter Händel, Niclas Björsell, Magnus Jansson
Wide band characterization of analog-digital converter integral nonlinearity (INL) based on parametric modeling and least-squares parameter fit is performed. In particular, the variations in the INL due to the frequency at the ADC stimuli are modeled. The INL is divided into two main entities describing the static and dynamic behavior of the ADC, respectively. The static component is modeled by a high code component (HCF) of piecewise linear segments centered around zero. A static low code (LCF) polynomial inherent to the INL data is added to the segments to describe the static part of the...
A fast and accurate alternative frequency measurement method based on the coincidence of pulses between two regular independent pulse trains and rational approximations of the number theory is presented. Based on the model of measurement process, it is shown that measurement result is a rational approximation to the true value and its approximation has a higher accuracy than approximations by systematic fractions. Results obtained from simulation of the measurement model are presented. This method can be implemented using low cost hardware.
Exploring New Frontiers of Instrumentation and Methods for Electrical and Electronic Measurements · TC4 · 2008 · Download
Analysis of circular scales accuracy calibration methods based on use of computer modelling and data processing including information entropy assessment here are presented. The computer simulation means for angular position measurement is presented using the circular scale simulation on the PC screen and giving a wide range of opportunities to change or select various scales’ parameters for further their analysis. Accuracy analysis of the circular scales is available applying the different methods of measurement and making experimental trials of newly developed methods. Different parameters...
Exploring New Frontiers of Instrumentation and Methods for Electrical and Electronic Measurements · TC4 · 2008 · Download
The Peano Kernel Theorem is introduced and a frequency domain derivation is given. It is demonstrated that the application of this theorem yields simple and accurate formulas for estimating the error introduced into a signal by filtering it to reduce noise.
Exploring New Frontiers of Instrumentation and Methods for Electrical and Electronic Measurements · TC4 · 2008 · Download
The paper aim inspects influence of the used RMS-value computing algorithm type and of window type and order on estimation of signal total harmonic distortion (THD). The THD relative bias is investigated by means of computer simulations in MATLAB. A test signal containing the fundamental and 12 higher-order harmonic components with magnitudes corresponding to an international compatibility levels standard and corresponding to the THD of approximately 11 % is used. Three algorithms of THD estimation are investigated, differing in total RMS value and the fundamental component’s RMS value...
Exploring New Frontiers of Instrumentation and Methods for Electrical and Electronic Measurements · TC4 · 2008 · Download
In this paper the authors are mostly concerned with the implementation of a measurement system specially suited for widely distributed applications. The system is based on smart web sensors, where the Internet links together the individual sensing elements. The system adopts the UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration) registry, a de facto standard for managing the web services on the web. The proposed solution allows having, at all times, an overview of the sensors and of the available services. Thus, when a new sensor is inserted in the network, its services and its...
Exploring New Frontiers of Instrumentation and Methods for Electrical and Electronic Measurements · TC4 · 2008 · Download
A logarithmic current-to-voltage converter for measuring DC currents in a wide dynamic range (from 1 pA to 1 mA) is described here. The converter is based on an operational amplifier circuit with a standard commercially-available LED diode used as a nonlinear feedback. A temperature compensation method requiring only one reference amplifier was used. This significantly reduces the complexity and the resulting cost of the converter. The static transfer characteristics of the converter were measured and compared with the uncompensated case.
Exploring New Frontiers of Instrumentation and Methods for Electrical and Electronic Measurements · TC4 · 2008 · Download